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Front Immunol ; 13: 827605, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35281016

RESUMO

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a public health emergency of international concern, and an effective vaccine is urgently needed to control the pandemic. Envelope (E) and membrane (M) proteins are highly conserved structural proteins among SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV and have been proposed as potential targets for the development of cross-protective vaccines. Here, synthetic DNA vaccines encoding SARS-CoV-2 E/M proteins (called p-SARS-CoV-2-E/M) were developed, and mice were immunised with three doses via intramuscular injection and electroporation. Significant cellular immune responses were elicited, whereas no robust humoral immunity was detected. In addition, novel H-2d-restricted T-cell epitopes were identified. Notably, although no drop in lung tissue virus titre was detected in DNA-vaccinated mice post-challenge with SARS-CoV-2, immunisation with either p-SARS-CoV-2-E or p-SARS-CoV-2-M provided minor protection and co-immunisation with p-SARS-CoV-2-E+M increased protection. Therefore, E/M proteins should be considered as vaccine candidates as they may be valuable in the optimisation of vaccination strategies against COVID-19.


Assuntos
Vacinas contra COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/imunologia , Proteínas do Envelope de Coronavírus/genética , Proteínas M de Coronavírus/genética , SARS-CoV-2/fisiologia , Linfócitos T/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Vacinas contra COVID-19/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Eficácia de Vacinas , Vacinas de DNA
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